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(No Model.) y H.- F. L. ORCUTT.

RATGHET DRILL. l

No. 367,723. Paten-ted Aug, 2, 1387.

. lnumnnllllivln n i ["lllhlu |=A 30 Witnesses:

Ww. www ma- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY F. L. ORCUIT, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO .THE BILLINGS& SPENCER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

RAToHET-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Leiters Patent No. 367,723, dated August2,1887.

Application iiledApril 13, 1887.

Serial No. 234,706. (No model.)

T all whom, it may concern.:

Beit known that I, HARRYF. L. ORCUTT, a citizen of the'United States,residing at Hart ford, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRatchet Drills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class ofratehetdrills in which thedrill-spindle is actuated through gearing either intermittently orcontinuously, and in which the drill is automatically fed to its work.

The object of the invention is to provide a more efficient tool of itsclass, which can be readily operated under the various conditions ofactual shop practice. A

To this end my invention consists in the improvements andcombinationshereinafter more fully set forth.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Figure l is a side elevation of my improved ratchet-drill, hav-` ingthereon an ordinary crank. Fig. 2 is a top view of the parts at the lefthand in Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a verticalsectional elevation ofthe drillcompletc,with the ratchet crank-arm thereon. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sideView, partially in section, of said ratchet crank-arm. Fig. 5 is asimilar front view of the same. Fig. (i shows a part of Fig. 5, withcertain details in a changed position. Fig. 7 is a sectional View of thehandle in line a, Fig. 3, the ratchet-spindle being removed. Figs. S and9 are sectional top views of the parts shown in Fig. 7, illustrating theoperation of the ratchet in connection with the ratchet-teeth on thedrivingpinion. Fig. 10 is an end view of said pinion, showing saidteeth.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

The drill-spindle, designated by S, is bored to receive the shank N ofthe drill to be used. Near its lower end said spindle has a journal, 3,which is fitted to turn in a bearing bored in "thelower wall, 4, of thegear-casing B. Keyed dle and acting in. conjunction with gear G,

serves to hold in place the spindle in said casing. y

The gear-easing B has, besides the spindlebearing, two other and largeropeningsone p at the top, covered by the casinghcad D, and one at theside, within branch L, for receiving the enlarged end 8 of the hollowhandle II. (See Fig. 3.) Thehead D is or maybe screwed into said upperopening, which is large enough to admit through it the gear G. Rising onsaid head D there is a tubular extension or sleeve, 10, in which thehollow feed-screw F is fitted to `freely slide and turn. This screw F isthreaded on its inner surface and screws onto a corresponding thread,12, on the upper end of spindle S. In using the ratchetdrill, the point13 of screw F bears against some suitable blocking or the like, as 14,and thus directly acts to force down the drill and its spindle withouttransmitting the workingpressure through the revolving surfaces of theother parts. Said* feed-screw may be turned b yxhand by means of themilled surface 11, or by means of a pin entering holes 11, in the usualmanner.

For automatically feeding the drill to its work I employ Yan improvedfrictional feed apparatus, which in a preferred form is constructed andarranged as follows: Sleeve 10 is threaded on its outer side, and hasthereon an infernaliy-threaded ring, 15, adapted to'be turned by hand orby a lever entering holes 17 therein. The lower part,1G,of ring 15 isbored tapering, largest at the lower edge, and this tapered surfacebears on the beveled outer ends of the friction-plugs 1S,which slide inholes bored through wall 10, and whose inner ends bear on the outersurface of the feedscrew. In practice a layer of leather or the like isplaced between said plug 1S and screw F,to form the frictonal surfaceand to prevent time the several parts are of a form and arrangementpermitting an efficient and durable construction thereof ata small cost.

In the manufacture of drills of this class, it

IOO

ments.

is not considered practicable to construct gear G integral with spindleS. For this reason said gear is made separate,and the spindle has thecollar 5 for governing the position thereon of said gear. It is alsodesirable to be able to remove the spindle S, leaving the gear G inplace. For this reason the spindle is fitted to be readily slid out of`the gear, and is held from turning therein by the key 60,or by some likedevice. Collar 5 has also another function,in that it serves as a stopfor screw F. When this screw is turned clear down,its lower end, 20,strikes the collar 5,before its upper end strikes the upper end, 21, ofspindleS. By this means is overcome the sticking down of the spindle, aswhen the upper end thereof is allowed to serve as such stop the upperpart of the thread in screwY F is apt to become clogged with dirt andgum, which promotes the sticking therein of thread 12. Said collar 5also prevents screw F from bearing against gear G,which would clamp wall4 against collar 6,and thus prevent the free rotation of the spindle inthe casing. i

The enlarged end 8 of' the handle H is fitted into branch L of thegear-casing by a slipjoint-that is, bya sliding fit therein. A rim orcollar, 22, on said part 8 may be provided to stop the handle enteringtoo far; but the same function is performed by the crosswise pin orscrew 23, which holds the handle in place' against both sliding andturning move- This construction permits theratchet bolt 0r pawl to beplaced in the handle, as hereinafter explained.

Power is applied to gear G through the driving-pinion l), which isaffixed to the end of' a shaft, T, that extends through the hollowhandle H. The extreme diameter of said pinion I make less than theopening in L, so that it may be inserted through the same. On the outerend or face of pinion P, I make notches 24, whereby it may be turned bya ratchetin said handle H. This ratchet is placed in a hole, 25, Fig. 7,formed in the enlarged part 8, and it consists in asliding bolt, 30,having a handle, 31, for setting the same to the different positions, X,Y, or Z. The hole 25 is counterbored to receive a spiral spring (notfully shown) which acts against the enlarged inner end, 32, of said boltto hold the beveled point thereof, 33, into engagement with notches 24.Said point 33 is beveled on one side and formed straight on the other,after the manner of ordinary ratehet-pawls, so as to hold against saidnotches 24 in one direction only. (See Fig. 8.) In the outer end of part8 there are formed three depressions, 2G 27 28, corresponding to theaforesaid three positions, X, Y, and Z. The depression or detent notch27 is of less depth than the other two, so that the guide-pin 35, xed inbolt 30, will, when resting in the notch, hold the point 33 away fromratchet-notches 24, and thus render said bolt 3() inoperative. (See Fig.3.) The notches 26 and 28 being deeper, the pin 35 acts merely as aguide to hold the bolt in proper position for turning thc pinion either-in one direction or the other, as the case may be. (SeeFlg. 3.) Thisratchet device serves to turn the drillspindle intermittently'as thehandle is moved back and forth, after the manner of ordinaryratchet-drills, but said construction has an important practicaladvantage over thc-01d forms of ratchet-drills, in that thedrlvlngpinion and the ratchet device for actuatlng the same are allassembled on the removable handle, so that these parts of themselvesconstitute a separate mechanism, which may be. put in place and removedas asingle part. By this means the construction and thekeeping in repairof the tool are both facilitated y andpcheapened.

For the purpose of operating the drill 1n certain situations where aback-and -forth movement cannot be given to handle H, the shaft T\ mayhave imparted thereto a cont1n nous rotary movement by means of theordlnary crank, K, Fig. 1, affixed to the outer end of said shaft; butmany times in practice the handle H cannot be operated nor the crankturned as described. To provide for such cases, I furnish said shaftTwith the improved ratchet-crank C. (Shown in Figs. 3 to 6, inelusive.)This crank is bifurcated and is bored to turn freely on the end of shaftT. Between the two branches 40 42 thereof I place the ratchetwheel WVand the swinging pawl E for actuating said wheel. Said pawl is pivotedat 44, and is constructed and arranged to stand in a middle position outof engagement with the IOO wheel W, as in Fig. 5, or to stand to the oneor the-other side, as in Fig. G. It is thus operated by aspring-actuated plunger, 45, which acts inconnection with notches formedin said pawl in the usual manner, and as illustrated in the drawings. Toprevent the wheel XV from dropping out when the crank is removed, saidwheel has on one side thereof a short hub, 46, fitting a correspondingcounterbore on the inner side of arm 40. The wheel is put in place byfirst springing apart arms 40 42, next slipping in the wheel, and thenallowing said arms to spring together again. After this the pawl isinserted and the pivot-screw 44 putin, therebyholding said armstogether. This ratchet-wheel W has a key, 48, fitting a spline, 49, inshaft T, whereby said shaft is turned.

The operation of myimproved drill will have been understood from thedrawings and preceding description. The tool isset to its work in theusual manner, and is operated by imparting to the handle H or to thecrank C a back-and-forth movement, as the situation may demand.Sometimes the hole to be drilled may be started by using one saidmovement, and completed by using the other, the situation being suchthat, owing to the loweringiof handle H as the drill enters deeper, theone movement will be interrupted by some adjacent obstacle before thework is finished. Sometimes, again, both movements may be usedsimultaneously, the operator taking handle H in one hand and thecrank-handle in the IOS IIO

other and moving them in opposite directions. This, indeed, I deem oneof the most effective ways of operating the tool.

It will be understood that the ratchet-drill, and especially the severaldetails thereof, are capable of modification in various ways anddegrees, after the manner of machines in general within the scope andlimits of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claimm l. The combination, in ageared hand-drill of the class described, of the drill-spindle and thehandle projecting laterally therefrom, the shaft geared tothedrill-spindle and extending through said handle, and a crank-armprojecting laterally from the outer end of said shaft, and two ratchetdevices, substantially-as described, one for the handle and another forthe crank, whereby the drill may be operated by either the handle or bythe crank without interference from the other, all substantially asdescribed. 1

2. The combination, in a geared ratchetdrill,with the gear-casing havingthe lower wall bored to receive the spindle and provided with the Lipperhead bored to receive the hollow feed-screw, oi'l the drillspindle journaled in said lower wall, and provided above said journal with adriving-gear iitted and keyed thereto, as described, and above said gearwith the iixed collar serving as a stop for the feed-screw, and at itsupper end with an external screw-thread, and the hollow feed-screwinternally threaded to engage with said spindle-thread, and constructedto stop against said fixed collar on the spindle, all substantially asdescribed.

3. rllhe combination, in a geared ratchetdrill,with the easing havingthe lateral branch bored to admit the driving-pinion, of the verticalspindle jonrnaled in said casing andprovided with the driving-gear, thehollow handle enlarged at one end, and this enlarged end iitted by aslip-joint into said branch, means (as a removable screw or the like)for holding said handle in place, the shaft in said handle,

provided with a driving-pinion meshing with said spindle-gear, saidpinion having ratchetteeth on the outer face thereof, and a ratchetpawlcarried in the said enlarged part of the handle and engaging with saidratchet-teeth, all substantially as described.

4t. rlhe combination, with the handle H, having the enlarged part S, ofshaft 33, carrying a pinion, P, having notches 24, and ratchet- Vbolt30, having pin 35 and handle 3l, saidpart S having shallow notch 27, andthe deeper side notches, 26 and 2S, and said bolt 30, havingits movementin the direction of the said shaft, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a ratchetdrill, with the spindle and thehollowinternally-threaded feed-screw thereof, and with the head D,having the sleeve externally threaded and horizontally bored, asdescribed, of the frictionplugs in the horizontal holes and bearing onsaid'screw, and the internally-threaded ring screwing on said sleeve,said ring having its lower end bored tapering and bearing on said plugs,all substantially as shown and described.

G. The combination, in the handle of a ratchet-drill, of the handle-armC, bifurcated, as shown, one of the branches, as 40, being bored on itsinner face to receive the short hub of the ratchet-wheel, of theratchet-wheel XV, fitting to turn between the two branches, and havingthe short hub iittin g said bore,sa1d branches being adapted to besprung apart for the insertion of said wheel, all substantially asdescribed.

7. The combination, in the handle of a ratchetdrill, of the crank-arm(l, having branches 40 42, adapted to be sprung apart, as described,wheel W', having the short hub -LGJitting a bore in one of saidbranches, pawl E, and ascrew, as 44, serving as apivot for said pawl andto hold said branches from opening to release said wheel, substantiallyas set forth.

HARRY F. L. ORCUTT.

Vitnesses:

F. l-I. RICHARDS; JOHN JoHNsToN.

